Overview:
This artifact is the specification of a set of test inputs, execution conditions, and expected results, identified for the purpose of making an evaluation of some particular aspect of a scenario.

Purpose:

The purpose of this artifact is to:

• provide a way to capture test inputs, conditions, and expected results for a system
• systematically identify aspects of the software to test
• specify whether an expected result has been reached based on verification of a system requirement, set of requirements, or scenario

Main Description:
A test case specifies the conditions which need to be validated to enable an assessment of some particular aspects of the system under test. A test case is more formal than a test idea and usually takes the form of a specification. In less formal environments, test cases can be created by identifying a unique ID, name, associated test data, and expected results.

Test cases may be derived from many sources but will usually include a subset of both the requirements (such as use cases, performance characteristics, reliability concerns) and other types of quality attributes.